-- *** before: ***
-- branching was done outside SQL or by a vendor function:
-- DECODE() in Oracle, IIF() in Access
SELECT Name, Population
FROM country

-- *** in version 92: ***
SELECT
    Name,
    CASE
        WHEN Population > 100000000 THEN 'huge'
        WHEN Population > 10000000  THEN 'large'
        ELSE 'small'
    END AS CountrySize
FROM country

-- Support: MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MS SQL Server, Oracle and
-- Firebird 1.5 support CASE. Access has no CASE at all - IIF() for two
-- branches and SWITCH() for many. Oracle keeps DECODE() as well.