numbers1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# the first method
numbers2 = numbers1[0..-1]

# the second method
numbers3 = numbers1.slice(0..-1)

# the third method
numbers4 = numbers1.map(&:dup)

puts "numbers2 is #{numbers2}"
puts "numbers3 is #{numbers3}"
puts "numbers4 is #{numbers4}"